现在分词作宾补表示主动,且动作正在进行,过去分词作宾补表示被动,或动作已完成,也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词:see,hear,notice,watch,feel及find,get,have(这3个动词为使役动词)等。
注:在感官动词后,既可用现在分词构成复合宾语,也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语。现在分词表示动作正在发生,即处于发生的过程中,还没有结束,如例a;用不定式表示动作已发生了,即动作的全部过程已结束,如例b.如:
a.He saw a girl getting on the bus.(意为上车的动作正在进行。)
b.He saw a girl get on the bus.(意为女孩上车的动作已经结束了。)
4)名词作宾补:例如:We must keep it a secret.这类复合宾语只有在有限的1些动词后使用,常见的动词有:name,call,make,elect,think,find,leave等。
5)形容词作宾补:例如:You should keep the room clean.
常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有:make,keep,find,want,wish,like,see,think,believe,leave等。
注:4),5)类复合宾语中有时宾语不是1个名词或代词,而是1个从句、不定式或动名词,这时通常要用1个it来代替它(即形式宾语),则把从句、不定式或动名词放到句子后部去。
例如:
①They found it strange that no one would take the money.
②You will feel it a great pleasure talking to her.
3、巩固练习:
1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.
He ____ ____ be giving us a talk tomorrow.
2.I thought I hadn’t covered the basket.
I had ____ ____ the basket.
3.If the rain stops,we’ll have a picnic.
If it ____ ____,we’ll have a picnic.
4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.
They listened ____ the teacher ____ a song.
5.I’ll ask somebody to cut my hair.
I’ll ____ my hair ____ .